java 数据库连接池 的 实现代码
- package com.xiaobian;
- /**
- * 数据库连接池 管理类
- */
- import java.io.*;
- import java.sql.*;
- import java.util.*;
- import java.util.Date;
- /**
- * 管理类DBConnectionManager支持对一个或多个由属性文件定义的 数据库连接池 的
- * 访问.客户程序可以调用getInstance()方法访问本类的唯一实例
- */
- public class DBConnectionManager {
- public static void main(String[] args) {
- DBConnectionManager connectionManager = DBConnectionManager.getInstance();
- Connection conn = connectionManager.getConnection( "idb" );
- try {
- Thread.sleep( 10 );
- } catch (InterruptedException e) {
- // TODO Auto-generated catch block
- e.printStackTrace();
- }
- Connection conn1 = connectionManager.getConnection( "idb" );
- Connection conn2 = connectionManager.getConnection( "idb" );
- Connection conn3 = connectionManager.getConnection( "idb" );
- Connection conn4 = connectionManager.getConnection( "idb" );
- Connection conn5 = connectionManager.getConnection( "idb" );
- connectionManager.freeConnection( "idb" , conn);
- connectionManager.freeConnection( "idb" , conn1);
- connectionManager.freeConnection( "idb" , conn2);
- connectionManager.freeConnection( "idb" , conn3);
- connectionManager.freeConnection( "idb" , conn4);
- connectionManager.freeConnection( "idb" , conn5);
- Connection conn6 = connectionManager.getConnection( "idb" );
- Connection conn7 = connectionManager.getConnection( "idb" );
- System.out.println( " conn6 == " +conn6 + " conn7 == " +conn7);
- }
- static private DBConnectionManager instance; // 唯一实例
- static private int clients; //
- private Vector drivers = new Vector();
- private PrintWriter log;
- private Hashtable pools = new Hashtable();
- /**
- * 返回唯一实例.如果是第一次调用此方法,则创建实例
- *
- * @return DBConnectionManager 唯一实例
- */
- static synchronized public DBConnectionManager getInstance() {
- if (instance == null ) {
- instance = new DBConnectionManager();
- }
- clients++;
- return instance;
- }
- /**
- * 建构私有函数以防止其它对象创建本类实例
- */
- private DBConnectionManager() {
- init();
- }
- /**
- * 将连接对象返回给由名字指定的连接池
- *
- * @param name
- * 在属性文件中定义的连接池名字
- * @param con
- * 连接对象
- */
- public void freeConnection(String name, Connection con) {
- DBConnectionPool pool = (DBConnectionPool) pools.get(name);
- if (pool != null ) {
- pool.freeConnection(con);
- }
- }
- /**
- * 获得一个可用的(空闲的)连接.如果没有可用连接,且已有连接数小于最大连接数 限制,则创建并返回新连接
- *
- * @param name
- * 在属性文件中定义的连接池名字
- * @return Connection 可用连接或null
- */
- public Connection getConnection(String name) {
- DBConnectionPool pool = (DBConnectionPool) pools.get(name);
- //System.out.println(" pool == "+pool);
- if (pool != null ) {
- return pool.getConnection();
- }
- return null ;
- }
- /**
- * 获得一个可用连接.若没有可用连接,且已有连接数小于最大连接数限制, 则创建并返回新连接.否则,在指定的时间内等待其它线程释放连接.
- *
- * @param name
- * 连接池名字
- * @param time
- * 以毫秒计的等待时间
- * @return Connection 可用连接或null
- */
- public Connection getConnection(String name, long time) {
- DBConnectionPool pool = (DBConnectionPool) pools.get(name);
- if (pool != null ) {
- return pool.getConnection(time);
- }
- return null ;
- }
- /**
- * 关闭所有连接,撤销驱动程序的注册
- */
- public synchronized void release() {
- // 等待直到最后一个客户程序调用
- if (--clients != 0 ) {
- return ;
- }
- Enumeration allPools = pools.elements();
- while (allPools.hasMoreElements()) {
- DBConnectionPool pool = (DBConnectionPool) allPools.nextElement();
- pool.release();
- }
- Enumeration allDrivers = drivers.elements();
- while (allDrivers.hasMoreElements()) {
- Driver driver = (Driver) allDrivers.nextElement();
- try {
- DriverManager.deregisterDriver(driver);
- log( "撤销JDBC驱动程序 " + driver.getClass().getName() + "的注册" );
- } catch (SQLException e) {
- log(e, "无法撤销下列JDBC驱动程序的注册: " + driver.getClass().getName());
- }
- }
- }
- /**
- * 根据指定属性创建连接池实例.
- *
- * @param props
- * 连接池属性
- */
- private void createPools(Properties props) {
- Enumeration propNames = props.propertyNames();
- while (propNames.hasMoreElements()) {
- String name = (String) propNames.nextElement();
- if (name.endsWith( ".url" )) {
- String poolName = name.substring( 0 , name.lastIndexOf( "." ));
- //System.out.println(" poolName ||"+poolName+"|");
- String url = props.getProperty(poolName + ".url" );
- if (url == null ) {
- log( "没有为连接池" + poolName + "指定URL" );
- continue ;
- }
- String user = props.getProperty(poolName + ".user" );
- String password = props.getProperty(poolName + ".password" );
- String maxconn = props.getProperty(poolName + ".maxconn" , "0" );
- int max;
- try {
- max = Integer.valueOf(maxconn).intValue();
- } catch (NumberFormatException e) {
- log( "错误的最大连接数限制: " + maxconn + " .连接池: " + poolName);
- max = 0 ;
- }
- DBConnectionPool pool = new DBConnectionPool(poolName, url,
- user, password, max);
- pools.put(poolName, pool);
- log( "成功创建连接池" + poolName);
- }
- }
- }
- // --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
- /**
- * 读取属性完成初始化
- */
- private void init() {
- InputStream fileinputstream = null ;
- try {
- fileinputstream = new FileInputStream( "./src/db.properties" );
- } catch (FileNotFoundException e1) {
- e1.printStackTrace();
- }
- //BufferedReader bufferedreader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(fileinputstream));
- //InputStream is = getClass().getResourceAsStream("D:/workspace/UmessageSms/src/db.properties");
- Properties dbProps = new Properties();
- try {
- dbProps.load(fileinputstream);
- } catch (Exception e) {
- e.printStackTrace();
- System.err.println( "不能读取属性文件. "
- + "请确保db.properties在CLASSPATH指定的路径中" );
- return ;
- }
- String logFile = dbProps.getProperty( "logfile" ,
- "DBConnectionManager.log" );
- //System.out.println(dbProps.getProperty("logfile"));
- try {
- log = new PrintWriter( new FileWriter(logFile, true ), true );
- } catch (IOException e) {
- System.err.println( "无法打开日志文件: " + logFile);
- log = new PrintWriter(System.err);
- }
- loadDrivers(dbProps);
- createPools(dbProps);
- }
- /**
- * 装载和注册所有JDBC驱动程序
- *
- * @param props
- * 属性
- */
- private void loadDrivers(Properties props) {
- String driverClasses = props.getProperty( "drivers" );
- StringTokenizer st = new StringTokenizer(driverClasses);
- while (st.hasMoreElements()) {
- String driverClassName = st.nextToken().trim();
- try {
- Driver driver = (Driver) Class.forName(driverClassName)
- .newInstance();
- DriverManager.registerDriver(driver);
- drivers.addElement(driver);
- log( "成功注册JDBC驱动程序" + driverClassName);
- } catch (Exception e) {
- log( "无法注册JDBC驱动程序: " + driverClassName + ", 错误: " + e);
- }
- }
- }
- /**
- * 将文本信息写入日志文件
- */
- private void log(String msg) {
- log.println( new Date() + ": " + msg);
- }
- /**
- * 将文本信息与异常写入日志文件
- */
- private void log(Throwable e, String msg) {
- log.println( new Date() + ": " + msg);
- e.printStackTrace(log);
- }
- /** ************************************************************* */
- /** ********************内部类DBConnectionPool******************** */
- /** ************************************************************* */
- /**
- * 此内部类定义了一个连接池.它能够根据要求创建新连接,直到预定的最 大连接数为止.在返回连接给客户程序之前,它能够验证连接的有效性.
- */
- class DBConnectionPool {
- private int checkedOut; // 当前连接数
- private Vector freeConnections = new Vector(); // 保存所有可用连接
- private int maxConn; // 此连接池允许建立的最大连接数
- private String name; // 连接池名字
- private String password; // 密码或null
- private String URL; // 数据库的JDBC URL
- private String user; // 数据库账号或null
- /**
- * 创建新的连接池
- *
- * @param name
- * 连接池名字
- * @param URL
- * 数据库的JDBC URL
- * @param user
- * 数据库帐号或 null
- * @param password
- * 密码或 null
- * @param maxConn
- * 此连接池允许建立的最大连接数
- */
- public DBConnectionPool(String name, String URL, String user,
- String password, int maxConn) {
- this .name = name;
- this .URL = URL;
- this .user = user;
- this .password = password;
- this .maxConn = maxConn;
- }
- /**
- * 将不再使用的连接返回给连接池
- *
- * @param con
- * 客户程序释放的连接
- */
- public synchronized void freeConnection(Connection con) {
- // 将指定连接加入到向量末尾
- freeConnections.addElement(con);
- checkedOut--;
- notifyAll(); // 删除等待队列中的所有线程
- }
- /**
- * 从连接池获得一个可用连接.如果没有空闲的连接且当前连接数小于最大连接
- * 数限制,则创建新连接.如原来登记为可用的连接不再有效,则从向量删除之, 然后递归调用自己以尝试新的可用连接.
- */
- public synchronized Connection getConnection() {
- Connection con = null ;
- //System.out.println(" freeConnections.size() "+freeConnections.size());
- if (freeConnections.size() > 0 ) {
- // 获取向量中第一个可用连接
- con = (Connection) freeConnections.firstElement();
- freeConnections.removeElementAt( 0 );
- try {
- if (con.isClosed()) {
- log( "从连接池" + name + "删除一个无效连接" );
- // 递归调用自己,尝试再次获取可用连接
- con = getConnection();
- }
- } catch (SQLException e) {
- log( "从连接池" + name + "删除一个无效连接" );
- // 递归调用自己,尝试再次获取可用连接
- con = getConnection();
- }
- } else if (maxConn == 0 || checkedOut < maxConn) {
- con = newConnection();
- }
- if (con != null ) {
- checkedOut++;
- }
- System.out.println( "con == " +con);
- return con;
- }
- /**
- * 从连接池获取可用连接.可以指定客户程序能够等待的最长时间 参见前一个getConnection()方法.
- *
- * @param timeout
- * 以毫秒计的等待时间限制
- */
- public synchronized Connection getConnection( long timeout) {
- long startTime = new Date().getTime();
- Connection con;
- while ((con = getConnection()) == null ) {
- try {
- wait(timeout);
- } catch (InterruptedException e) {
- }
- if (( new Date().getTime() - startTime) >= timeout) {
- // wait()返回的原因是超时
- return null ;
- }
- }
- return con;
- }
- /**
- * 关闭所有连接
- */
- public synchronized void release() {
- Enumeration allConnections = freeConnections.elements();
- while (allConnections.hasMoreElements()) {
- Connection con = (Connection) allConnections.nextElement();
- try {
- con.close();
- log( "关闭连接池" + name + "中的一个连接" );
- } catch (SQLException e) {
- log(e, "无法关闭连接池" + name + "中的连接" );
- }
- }
- freeConnections.removeAllElements();
- }
- /**
- * 创建新的连接
- */
- private Connection newConnection() {
- Connection con = null ;
- try {
- if (user == null ) {
- con = DriverManager.getConnection(URL);
- } else {
- con = DriverManager.getConnection(URL, user, password);
- }
- log( "连接池" + name + "创建一个新的连接" );
- } catch (SQLException e) {
- log(e, "无法创建下列URL的连接: " + URL);
- return null ;
- }
- return con;
- }
- }
- }