简介
上一篇http://www.javaeye.com/topic/15317介绍了ActiveMQ5.0的安装,这一篇将介绍的配置。ActiveMQ包含了很多features(详见
http://activemq.apache.org/features.html
),
不同的需求,不同的环境,需要不同的features,当然需要不同的配置。在这里我只写了最基本的配置,算是抛砖了,希望引出更多关于ActiveMQ的高级配置。
假设已经正确安装ActiveMQ5.0,同时及其IP地址为192.168.1.148,具体使用时可以改为自己的IP。下面讲解的配置实现的features如下:
- 客户端可以通过tcp://192.168.1.148连接ActiveMQ。
- 消息持久化保存,重启服务器不会丢失消息。
- 可以通过http://192.168.1.148:8161/admin监控ActiveMQ服务器
配置
ActiveMQ默认使用的是XML格式配置,从4.0版本开始用MBean的方式实现XML配置,配置文件在${activemq.home}/conf目录下,文件名为activemq.xml。最新的默认配置见
http://svn.apache.org/repos/asf/activemq/trunk/assembly/src/release/conf/activemq.xml
。下面为本篇文章使用的配置,及重要部分的解释。
- < beans
- xmlns = "http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
- xmlns:amq = "http://activemq.org/config/1.0"
- xmlns:xsi = "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation ="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.0.xsd
- http://activemq.org/config/1.0 http://activemq.apache.org/schema/activemq-core.xsd
- http://activemq.apache.org/camel/schema/spring >
- <!-- persistent="true"表示要持久化存储消息,和子元素persistenceAdapter结合使用 -->
- <!-- dataDirectory默认的存储持久化数据的目录 -->
- <!-- brokerName 设置broker的name,在注意在网络上必须是唯一的-->
- <!-- 更多参考http://activemq.apache.org/xbean-xml-reference-50.html#XBeanXMLReference5.0-brokerelement -->
- < broker xmlns = "http://activemq.org/config/1.0" brokerName = "192.168.1.148" persistent = "true" dataDirectory = "${activemq.base}/data" useShutdownHook = "false" >
- <!-- Destination specific policies using destination names or wildcards -->
- <!-- wildcards意义见http://activemq.apache.org/wildcards.html -->
- < destinationPolicy >
- < policyMap >
- < policyEntries >
- <!-- 这里使用了wildcards,表示所有以EUCITA开头的topic -->
- < policyEntry topic = "EUCITA.>" producerFlowControl = "false" memoryLimit = "10mb" >
- <!-- 分发策略 -->
- < dispatchPolicy >
- <!-- 按顺序分发 -->
- < strictOrderDispatchPolicy />
- </ dispatchPolicy >
- <!-- 恢复策略-->
- < subscriptionRecoveryPolicy >
- <!-- 只恢复最后一个message -->
- < lastImageSubscriptionRecoveryPolicy />
- </ subscriptionRecoveryPolicy >
- </ policyEntry >
- </ policyEntries >
- </ policyMap >
- </ destinationPolicy >
- <!-- The transport connectors ActiveMQ will listen to -->
- < transportConnectors >
- < transportConnector name = "openwire" uri = "tcp://192.168.1.148:61616" discoveryUri = "multicast://default" />
- < transportConnector name = "ssl" uri = "ssl://192.168.1.148:61617" />
- < transportConnector name = "stomp" uri = "stomp://192.168.1.148:61613" />
- < transportConnector name = "xmpp" uri = "xmpp://192.168.1.148:61222" />
- </ transportConnectors >
- <!-- 消息持久化方式 -->
- < persistenceAdapter >
- < amqPersistenceAdapter directory = "${activemq.base}/data" />
- </ persistenceAdapter >
- </ broker >
- <!-- lets create a command agent to respond to message based admin commands on the ActiveMQ.Agent topic -->
- < commandAgent xmlns = "http://activemq.org/config/1.0" />
- <!-- An embedded servlet engine for serving up the Admin console -->
- < jetty xmlns = "http://mortbay.com/schemas/jetty/1.0" >
- < connectors >
- < nioConnector port = "8161" />
- </ connectors >
- < handlers >
- < webAppContext contextPath = "/admin" resourceBase = "${activemq.base}/webapps/admin" logUrlOnStart = "true" />
- < webAppContext contextPath = "/demo" resourceBase = "${activemq.base}/webapps/demo" logUrlOnStart = "true" />
- </ handlers >
- </ jetty >
- </ beans >
- < beans
- xmlns = "http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
- xmlns:amq = "http://activemq.org/config/1.0"
- xmlns:xsi = "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation ="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.0.xsd
- http://activemq.org/config/1.0 http://activemq.apache.org/schema/activemq-core.xsd
- http://activemq.apache.org/camel/schema/spring >
- <!-- persistent="true"表示要持久化存储消息,和子元素persistenceAdapter结合使用 -->
- <!-- dataDirectory默认的存储持久化数据的目录 -->
- <!-- brokerName 设置broker的name,在注意在网络上必须是唯一的-->
- <!-- 更多参考http://activemq.apache.org/xbean-xml-reference-50.html#XBeanXMLReference5.0-brokerelement -->
- < broker xmlns = "http://activemq.org/config/1.0" brokerName = "192.168.1.148" persistent = "true" dataDirectory = "${activemq.base}/data" useShutdownHook = "false" >
- <!-- Destination specific policies using destination names or wildcards -->
- <!-- wildcards意义见http://activemq.apache.org/wildcards.html -->
- < destinationPolicy >
- < policyMap >
- < policyEntries >
- <!-- 这里使用了wildcards,表示所有以EUCITA开头的topic -->
- < policyEntry topic = "EUCITA.>" producerFlowControl = "false" memoryLimit = "10mb" >
- <!-- 分发策略 -->
- < dispatchPolicy >
- <!-- 按顺序分发 -->
- < strictOrderDispatchPolicy />
- </ dispatchPolicy >
- <!-- 恢复策略-->
- < subscriptionRecoveryPolicy >
- <!-- 只恢复最后一个message -->
- < lastImageSubscriptionRecoveryPolicy />
- </ subscriptionRecoveryPolicy >
- </ policyEntry >
- </ policyEntries >
- </ policyMap >
- </ destinationPolicy >
- <!-- The transport connectors ActiveMQ will listen to -->
- < transportConnectors >
- < transportConnector name = "openwire" uri = "tcp://192.168.1.148:61616" discoveryUri = "multicast://default" />
- < transportConnector name = "ssl" uri = "ssl://192.168.1.148:61617" />
- < transportConnector name = "stomp" uri = "stomp://192.168.1.148:61613" />
- < transportConnector name = "xmpp" uri = "xmpp://192.168.1.148:61222" />
- </ transportConnectors >
- <!-- 消息持久化方式 -->
- < persistenceAdapter >
- < amqPersistenceAdapter directory = "${activemq.base}/data" />
- </ persistenceAdapter >
- </ broker >
- <!-- lets create a command agent to respond to message based admin commands on the ActiveMQ.Agent topic -->
- < commandAgent xmlns = "http://activemq.org/config/1.0" />
- <!-- An embedded servlet engine for serving up the Admin console -->
- < jetty xmlns = "http://mortbay.com/schemas/jetty/1.0" >
- < connectors >
- < nioConnector port = "8161" />
- </ connectors >
- < handlers >
- < webAppContext contextPath = "/admin" resourceBase = "${activemq.base}/webapps/admin" logUrlOnStart = "true" />
- < webAppContext contextPath = "/demo" resourceBase = "${activemq.base}/webapps/demo" logUrlOnStart = "true" />
- </ handlers >
- </ jetty >
- </ beans >
注释
关于XML配置中元素的具体信息可以参考 http://activemq.apache.org/xbean-xml-reference-50.html 下面介绍本篇配置使用的一些重要元素。
DispathPolicy
ActiveMQ支持3中不同的分发策略(避免翻译了以后误解,这里用原文):
- <roundRobinDispatchPolicy>:Simple dispatch policy that sends a message to every subscription that matches the message.
- <simpleDispatchPolicy>:Simple dispatch policy that sends a message to every subscription that matches the message.
- <strictOrderDispatchPolicy>:Dispatch policy that causes every subscription to see messages in the same order.
SubscriptionRecoveryPolicy
ActiveMQ支持6种恢复策略,可以自行选择使用不同的策略
- <fixedCountSubscriptionRecoveryPolicy>: keep a fixed count of last messages.
- <fixedSizedSubscriptionRecoveryPolicy>: keep a fixed amount of memory available in RAM for message history which is evicted in time order.
- <lastImageSubscriptionRecoveryPolicy>:only keep the last message.
- <noSubscriptionRecoveryPolicy>:disable recovery of messages.
- <queryBasedSubscriptionRecoveryPolicy>:perform a user specific query mechanism to load any messages they may have missed.
- <timedSubscriptionRecoveryPolicy>:keep a timed buffer of messages around in memory and use that to recover new subscriptions.
PersistenceAdapter
http://activemq.apache.org/persistence 讲解了关于persistence的信息。ActiveMQ5.0使用 AMQ Message Store 持久化消息,这种方式提供了很好的性能(The AMQ Message Store is an embeddable transactional message storage solution that is extremely fast and reliable.) 默认使用该存储方式即可,如果想使用JDBC来存储,可以查找文档配置。
Summary
本篇文章只提供了基本配置信息。如果需要更多的文章,可以查看ActiveMQ的文档。
讲了安装和简单的配置,下一篇将介绍和Sping的整合,以及多个queue,多个topic,多个producer,多个consumer的配置,使用。