Nhibernate学习起步之many-to-one篇

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1. 学习目的 :

通过进一步学习 nhibernate 基础知识,在实现单表 CRUD 的基础上,实现两表之间 one-to-many 的关系 .

2. 开发环境 + 必要准备

开发环境 : windows 2003,Visual studio .Net 2005,Sql server 2005 developer edition

必要准备 : 学习上篇文章单表操作

3 . 对上篇文章中部分解释

1 )在 User.hbm.xml class 节点中有一个 lazy 的属性,这个属性用于指定是否需要延迟加载( lazy loading ),在官方文档中称为 :lazy fecting. 可以说延迟加载是 nhibernate 最好的特点,因为它可以在父类中透明的加载子类集合,这对于 many-to-one 的业务逻辑中,真是方便极了。但是有些时候,父类是不需要携带子类信息的。这时候如果也加载,无疑对性能是一种损失。在映射文件的 class 节点中可以通过配置 lazy 属性来指定是否支持延迟加载,这就更灵活多了。

2) User.hbm.xml generate 节点,代表的是主键的生成方式,上个例子中的 ”native” 根据底层数据库的能力选择 identity,hilo,sequence 中的一个,比如在 MS Sql 中,使我们最经常使用的自动增长字段,每次加 1.

3) NHibernateHelper.cs 中,创建 Configuration 对象的代码: new Configuration ().Configure( @"E:/myproject/nhibernatestudy/simle1/NHibernateStudy1/NhibernateSample1/hibernate.cfg.xml" ) 因为我是在单元测试中调试,所以将绝对路径的配置文件传递给构造函数。如果在 windows app 或者 web app 可以不用传递该参数。

4 . 实现步骤

1 )确定实现的业务需求:用户工资管理系统

2) 打开上篇文章中的 NHibernateStudy1 解决方案。向项目 NhibernateSample1 添加类 Salary; 代码如下

Salary.cs
<!--<br><br>Code highlighting produced by Actipro CodeHighlighter (freeware)<br>http://www.CodeHighlighter.com/<br><br>--> using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Text;

namespace NhibernateSample1
{
public partial class Salary
{
int _id;
User_user;
int _year;
int _month;
int _envy;
decimal _money;
/**/ /// <summary>
/// 工资编号
/// </summary>

public virtual int Id
{
get
{
return _id;
}

set
{
_id
= value;
}

}

/**/ /// <summary>
/// 雇员
/// </summary>

public virtual UserEmployee
{
get
{
return _user;
}

set
{
_user
= value;
}

}

/**/ /// <summary>
/// 年度
/// </summary>

public int Year
{
get
{
return _year;
}

set
{
_year
= value;
}

}

/**/ /// <summary>
/// 月份
/// </summary>

public int Month
{
get
{
return _month;
}

set
{
_month
= value;
}

}

/**/ /// <summary>
/// 季度
/// </summary>

public int Envy
{
get
{
return _envy;
}

set
{
_envy
= value;
}

}

/**/ /// <summary>
/// 工资
/// </summary>

public decimal Money
{
get
{
return _money;
}

set
{
_money
= value;
}

}

}

}

3) 更改 User.cs, User 里面添加 SalaryList 属性:

User.cs
<!--<br><br>Code highlighting produced by Actipro CodeHighlighter (freeware)<br>http://www.CodeHighlighter.com/<br><br>--> 1 private System.Collections.IList_salaryList;
2 /**/ /// <summary>
3 /// 工资列表
4 /// </summary>

5 public System.Collections.IListSalaryList
6 {
7 get
8 {
9 return _salaryList;
10 }

11 set
12 {
13 _salaryList = value;
14 }

15 }
4)修改 User.hbm.xml ,加入 bag 节点
User.hbm.xml
<!--<br><br>Code highlighting produced by Actipro CodeHighlighter (freeware)<br>http://www.CodeHighlighter.com/<br><br>--> < bagname = " SalaryList " table = " Salary " inverse = " true " lazy = " true " cascade = " all " >
< keycolumn = " Id " />
< one - to - many class = " NhibernateSample1.Salary,NhibernateSample1 " ></ one - to - many >
</ bag >

5 )编写类 Salary 的映射文件 :Salary.hbm.xml
Salary.hbm.xml
<!--<br><br>Code highlighting produced by Actipro CodeHighlighter (freeware)<br>http://www.CodeHighlighter.com/<br><br>--> <? xmlversion = " 1.0 " encoding = " utf-8 " ?>
< hibernate - mappingxmlns = " urn:nhibernate-mapping-2.2 " >
< class name = " NhibernateSample1.Salary,NhibernateSample1 " table = " Salary " lazy = " false " >
< idname = " Id " column = " Id " unsaved - value = " 0 " >
< generator class = " native " />
</ id >
< propertyname = " Year " column = " Year " type = " Int32 " not - null = " true " ></ property >
< propertyname = " Month " column = " Month " type = " Int32 " not - null = " true " ></ property >
< propertyname = " Envy " column = " Envy " type = " Int32 " not - null = " true " ></ property >
< propertyname = " Money " column = " Money " type = " Decimal " not - null = " true " ></ property >
< many - to - onename = " Employee " column = " Uid " not - null = " true " ></ many - to - one >
</ class >
</ hibernate - mapping >
6 )编写 CRUD
UserSalaryFixure.cs
<!--<br><br>Code highlighting produced by Actipro CodeHighlighter (freeware)<br>http://www.CodeHighlighter.com/<br><br>--> using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Text;
using System.Collections;
using NHibernate;
using NHibernate.Cfg;
using NHibernate.Tool.hbm2ddl;

namespace NhibernateSample1
{
public class UserSalaryFixure
{
private ISessionFactory_sessions;
public void Configure()
{
Configurationcfg
= GetConfiguration();
_sessions
= cfg.BuildSessionFactory();
}

ConfigurationGetConfiguration()
{
string cfgPath = @" E:/myproject/nhibernatestudy/simle1/NHibernateStudy1/NhibernateSample1/hibernate.cfg.xml " ;
Configurationcfg
= new Configuration().Configure(cfgPath);
return cfg;
}

public void ExportTables()
{
Configurationcfg
= GetConfiguration();
new SchemaExport(cfg).Create( true , true );
}

public UserCreateUser(Stringname, string pwd)
{
Useru
= new User();
u.Name
= name;
u.Pwd
= pwd;
u.SalaryList
= new ArrayList();

ISessionsession
= _sessions.OpenSession();

ITransactiontx
= null ;

try
{
tx
= session.BeginTransaction();
session.Save(u);
tx.Commit();
}

catch (HibernateExceptione)
{
if (tx != null )tx.Rollback();
throw e;
}

finally
{
session.Close();
}


return u;
}

public SalaryCreateSalary(Useru, int year, int month, int envy, decimal money)
{
Salaryitem
= new Salary();
item.Year
= year;
item.Money
= money;
item.Envy
= envy;
item.Month
= month;
item.Employee
= u;
u.SalaryList.Add(item);
ISessionsession
= _sessions.OpenSession();
ITransactiontx
= null ;

try
{
tx
= session.BeginTransaction();
session.Update(u);
tx.Commit();
}

catch (HibernateExceptione)
{
if (tx != null )tx.Rollback();
throw e;
}

finally
{
session.Close();
}

return item;
}

public SalaryCreateSalary( int uid, int year, int month, int envy, decimal money)
{
Salaryitem
= new Salary();
item.Year
= year;
item.Money
= money;
item.Envy
= envy;
item.Month
= month;

ISessionsession
= _sessions.OpenSession();
ITransactiontx
= null ;
try
{
tx
= session.BeginTransaction();
Useru
= (User)session.Load( typeof (User),uid);
item.Employee
= u;
u.SalaryList.Add(item);
tx.Commit();
}

catch (HibernateExceptione)
{
if (tx != null )tx.Rollback();
throw e;
}

finally
{
session.Close();
}

return item;
}

public SalaryGetSalary( int salaryID)
{
ISessionsession
= _sessions.OpenSession();
ITransactiontx
= null ;
try
{
tx
= session.BeginTransaction();
Salaryitem
= (Salary)session.Load( typeof (Salary),
salaryID);
tx.Commit();
return item;
}

catch (HibernateExceptione)
{
if (tx != null )tx.Rollback();
return null ;
}

finally
{
session.Close();
}

return null ;
}

public UserGetUser( int uid)
{
ISessionsession
= _sessions.OpenSession();
ITransactiontx
= null ;
try
{
tx
= session.BeginTransaction();
Useritem
= (User)session.Load( typeof (User),
uid);
tx.Commit();
return item;
}

catch (HibernateExceptione)
{
if (tx != null )tx.Rollback();
return null ;
}

finally
{
session.Close();
}

return null ;
}

public void UpdateSalary( int salaryID, decimal money)
{
ISessionsession
= _sessions.OpenSession();
ITransactiontx
= null ;
try
{
tx
= session.BeginTransaction();
Salaryitem
= (Salary)session.Load( typeof (Salary),
salaryID);
item.Money
= money;
tx.Commit();
}

catch (HibernateExceptione)
{
if (tx != null )tx.Rollback();
throw e;
}

finally
{
session.Close();
}

}


public void Delete( int uid)
{
ISessionsession
= _sessions.OpenSession();
ITransactiontx
= null ;
try
{
tx
= session.BeginTransaction();
Salaryitem
= session.Load( typeof (Salary),uid) as Salary;;
session.Delete(item);
tx.Commit();
}

catch (HibernateExceptione)
{
if (tx != null )tx.Rollback();
throw e;
}

finally
{
session.Close();
}

}


}

}

7) 编写单元测试类: UnitTest1.cs
UnitTest1.cs
<!--<br><br>Code highlighting produced by Actipro CodeHighlighter (freeware)<br>http://www.CodeHighlighter.com/<br><br>--> using System;
using System.Text;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using Microsoft.VisualStudio.TestTools.UnitTesting;
using NhibernateSample1;

namespace TestProject1
{
/**/ /// <summary>
/// UnitTest1的摘要说明
/// </summary>

[TestClass]
public class UnitTest1
{
public UnitTest1()
{
//
// TODO:在此处添加构造函数逻辑
//
}

NhibernateSample1.UserSalaryFixureusf
= new UserSalaryFixure();
其他测试属性 #region 其他测试属性
//
// 您可以在编写测试时使用下列其他属性:
//
// 在运行类中的第一个测试之前使用ClassInitialize运行代码
// [ClassInitialize()]
// publicstaticvoidMyClassInitialize(TestContexttestContext){}
//
// 在类中的所有测试都已运行之后使用ClassCleanup运行代码
// [ClassCleanup()]
// publicstaticvoidMyClassCleanup(){}
//
// 在运行每个测试之前使用TestInitialize运行代码
// [TestInitialize()]
// publicvoidMyTestInitialize(){}
//
// 在运行每个测试之后使用TestCleanup运行代码
// [TestCleanup()]
// publicvoidMyTestCleanup(){}
//
#endregion


[TestMethod]
public void Test1()
{
usf.Configure();
usf.ExportTables();
Useru
= usf.CreateUser(Guid.NewGuid().ToString(), " ds " );
Assert.IsTrue(u.Id
> 0 );
Salarys
= usf.CreateSalary(u, 2007 , 3 , 1 ,( decimal ) 8000.00 );
Assert.IsTrue(s.Id
> 0 );
Salarys1
= usf.CreateSalary(u.Id, 2007 , 3 , 1 ,( decimal ) 7500 );
Assert.IsTrue(s1.Id
> 0 );
usf.UpdateSalary(s1.Id,(
decimal ) 6000 );
s1
= usf.GetSalary(s1.Id);
Assert.IsTrue(s1.Money
== ( decimal ) 6000 );
usf.Delete(s1.Id);
s1
= usf.GetSalary(s1.Id);
Assert.IsNull(s1);
Useru1
= usf.GetUser( 1 );
Assert.IsTrue(u1.SalaryList.Count
> 0 );
}


}

}

加载测试元数据,直到Test()通过。
总结:通过进一步学习nhiberate,发现ORM框架真是非常强大。今天先到这里。明天继续。
项目文件: /Files/jillzhang/simple2.rar

Nhibernate学习起步之many-to-one篇


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