- <? xml version = "1.0" encoding = "UTF-8" ?>
- < beans xmlns = "http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
- xmlns:xsi = "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
- xmlns:context = "http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
- xmlns:tx = "http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
- xsi:schemaLocation ="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd
- http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd
- http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-2.5.xsd" >
- < bean id = "userBean" class = "com.szy.spring.implbean.UserBean" />
- </ beans >
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-2.5.xsd"> <bean id="userBean" class="com.szy.spring.implbean.UserBean" /> </beans>
Spring的配置文件中记录了类的包路径,因此我们首先是要读入配置文件。在配置文件中Bean有id和class两个属性,我们首先定义一个Bean类,包含这两个属性:
- package com.szy.spring.implbean;
- public class Bean
- {
- private String id;
- private String className;
- public String getId()
- {
- return id;
- }
- public void setId(String id)
- {
- this .id = id;
- }
- public String getClassName()
- {
- return className;
- }
- public void setClassName(String className)
- {
- this .className = className;
- }
- }
package com.szy.spring.implbean; public class Bean { private String id; private String className; public String getId() { return id; } public void setId(String id) { this.id = id; } public String getClassName() { return className; } public void setClassName(String className) { this.className = className; } }
由于配置文件是xml文件,在这里使用Jdom包操作xml文件,读入配置文件中的Bean信息。
- /**
- * 读取xml配置文件
- * @param fileName 配置文件名
- */
- private void readXML(String fileName)
- {
- // 寻找配置文件
- URL xmlPath = this .getClass().getClassLoader().getResource(fileName);
- Document doc = null ;
- Element root = null ;
- try
- {
- SAXBuilder sb = new SAXBuilder( false );
- doc = sb.build( new FileInputStream( new File(xmlPath.toURI())));
- // 设置命名空间
- Namespace xhtml = Namespace.getNamespace( "xhtml" ,
- "http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" );
- root = doc.getRootElement(); // 获取根元素
- List<Element> list = root.getChildren( "bean" , xhtml); //获取全部bean节点
- for (Element element : list) // 遍历节点,取得每个节点的属性
- {
- String id = element.getAttributeValue( "id" );
- String className = element.getAttributeValue( "class" );
- Bean bean = new Bean();
- bean.setId(id);
- bean.setClassName(className);
- beanList.add(bean);
- }
- } catch (Exception e)
- {
- e.printStackTrace();
- }
- }
/** * 读取xml配置文件 * @param fileName 配置文件名 */ private void readXML(String fileName) { // 寻找配置文件 URL xmlPath = this.getClass().getClassLoader().getResource(fileName); Document doc = null; Element root = null; try { SAXBuilder sb = new SAXBuilder(false); doc = sb.build(new FileInputStream(new File(xmlPath.toURI()))); // 设置命名空间 Namespace xhtml = Namespace.getNamespace("xhtml", "http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"); root = doc.getRootElement(); // 获取根元素 List<Element> list = root.getChildren("bean", xhtml); //获取全部bean节点 for (Element element : list)// 遍历节点,取得每个节点的属性 { String id = element.getAttributeValue("id"); String className = element.getAttributeValue("class"); Bean bean = new Bean(); bean.setId(id); bean.setClassName(className); beanList.add(bean); } } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } }
其中beanList是一个List对象,因为在配置文件中存在很多Bean。
得到了所有的Bean对象后,下面就实例化每个Bean对象,结果存放在Map对象中。
- /**
- * bean的实例化
- */
- private void instanceBeans()
- {
- for (Bean bean : beanList)
- {
- try
- {
- if (bean.getClassName() != null && ! "" .equals(bean.getClassName().trim()))
- beanObject.put(bean.getId(), Class.forName(bean.getClassName()).newInstance());
- } catch (Exception e)
- {
- e.printStackTrace();
- }
- }
- }
/** * bean的实例化 */ private void instanceBeans() { for (Bean bean : beanList) { try { if (bean.getClassName() != null && !"".equals(bean.getClassName().trim())) beanObject.put(bean.getId(), Class.forName(bean.getClassName()).newInstance()); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } }
其中beanObject为Map对象。
最后再加入一个方法,方便外部能获取Map中的对象
- /**
- * 获取bean实例
- * @param beanName 配置文件中bean的Id
- * @return
- */
- public Object getBean(String beanName)
- {
- return this .beanObject.get(beanName);
- }
/** * 获取bean实例 * @param beanName 配置文件中bean的Id * @return */ public Object getBean(String beanName) { return this.beanObject.get(beanName); }
完整的MyClassPathXMLApplicationContext见附件中的代码。
下面测试MyClassPathXMLApplicationContext类。
- @Test
- public void testMethod() throws Exception
- {
- //读取配置文件
- MyClassPathXMLApplicationContext ctx= new MyClassPathXMLApplicationContext( "applicationContext.xml" );
- //获取UserBean的实例
- PersonBean bean=(PersonBean)ctx.getBean( "userBean" );
- //调用方法
- bean.show();
- }
@Test public void testMethod() throws Exception { //读取配置文件 MyClassPathXMLApplicationContext ctx=new MyClassPathXMLApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml"); //获取UserBean的实例 PersonBean bean=(PersonBean)ctx.getBean("userBean"); //调用方法 bean.show(); }
输出结果
- Hello Kuka
Hello Kuka
成功。
上面仅是简单的演示了Spring管理Bean的原理,但是在实际操作中还需要考虑很对其它因素。