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【Android】Android动画入门Animation 、Animat

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本讲内容：Android 动画入门指南
1、补间动画
2、逐帧动画

Android中动画的实现分两种方式，一种方式是补间动画 Teen Animation，就是说你定义一个开始和结束，中间的部分由程序运算得到。另一种叫逐帧动画 Frame Animation，就是说一帧一帧的连起来播放就变成了动画。有点Flash基础的同学理解起来会很容易。接下来我们一个一个学习。

一、补间动画 Teen Animation

Android中实现补间动画的思路是这样的，
1、首先用XML定义一个动画效果
2、依据这个XML使用AnimationUtils工具类创建一个Animationd对象
3、调用View组件的startAnimation方法实现动画。

接下来我们用一个例子来看一下。

1、创建一个项目 Lesson24_Animation，主Activity名字叫MainActivity.java

2、在res目录下创建一个anim目录，在目录下创建下面五个动画定义文件，需要注意的是这5个文件在是2.2下调试通过的，网上很多文档的xml是无法通过IDE的检查的，可能是新版本检查更严格了。

alpha_animation.xml

1 <? xml version = "1.0" encoding = "utf-8" ?>
2 < set >
3 < alpha android:duration = "300" android:toalpha = "1.0" android:fromalpha = "0.5" android:repeatmode = "restart" android:repeatcount = "1" android:interpolator = "@android:anim/accelerate_interpolator" xmlns:android = " http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android " >
4 < alpha android:duration = "3000" android:toalpha = "1.0" android:fromalpha = "0.5" android:repeatmode = "restart" android:repeatcount = "0" android:interpolator = "@android:anim/accelerate_interpolator" xmlns:android = " http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android " >
5 </ alpha ></ alpha ></ set >

composite_animation.xml

1 < set xmlns:android = " http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android " android:shareinterpolator = "false" >
2 < scale android:duration = "700" android:interpolator = "@android:anim/accelerate_decelerate_interpolator" xmlns:android = " http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android " android:fillafter = "false" android:pivoty = "50%" android:pivotx = "50%" android:toyscale = "0.6" android:fromyscale = "1.0" android:toxscale = "1.4" android:fromxscale = "1.0" >
3 </ scale ></ set >< set android:interpolator = "@android:anim/decelerate_interpolator" >
4 < scale android:duration = "400" xmlns:android = " http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android " android:pivoty = "50%" android:pivotx = "50%" android:toyscale = "0.0" android:fromyscale = "0.6" android:toxscale = "0.0" android:fromxscale = "1.4" android:fillbefore = "false" android:startoffset = "700" >
5 < rotate android:duration = "400" xmlns:android = " http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android " android:pivoty = "50%" android:pivotx = "50%" android:toyscale = "0.0" android:startoffset = "700" android:todegrees = "-45" android:fromdegrees = "0" >
6 </ rotate ></ scale ></ set >

rotate_animation.xml

1 <? xml version = "1.0" encoding = "utf-8" ?>
2 < set >
3 < rotate android:duration = "4000" android:interpolator = "@android:anim/decelerate_interpolator" xmlns:android = " http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android " android:pivoty = "50%" android:pivotx = "50%" android:todegrees = "-1440" android:fromdegrees = "0" >
4 </ rotate >
5 </ set >

scale_animation.xml

1 <? xml version = "1.0" encoding = "utf-8" ?>
2 < set >
3 < scale android:duration = "1000" android:interpolator = "@android:anim/decelerate_interpolator" xmlns:android = " http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android " android:fillafter = "false" android:pivoty = "100%" android:pivotx = "0%" android:toyscale = "1.0" android:fromyscale = "0.0" android:toxscale = "1.0" android:fromxscale = "0.0" >
4 </ scale >
5 < scale android:duration = "1000" android:interpolator = "@android:anim/decelerate_interpolator" xmlns:android = " http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android " android:fillafter = "false" android:pivoty = "50%" android:pivotx = "50%" android:toyscale = "1.0" android:fromyscale = "0.0" android:toxscale = "1.0" android:fromxscale = "0.0" >
6 </ scale >
7 </ set >

translate_animation.xml

1 <? xml version = "1.0" encoding = "utf-8" ?>
2 < set >
3 < translate android:duration = "2000" android:interpolator = "@android:anim/decelerate_interpolator" xmlns:android = " http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android " android:toydelta = "0" android:fromydelta = "0" android:toxdelta = "300" android:fromxdelta = "0" >
4 </ translate >
5 < translate android:duration = "2000" android:interpolator = "@android:anim/decelerate_interpolator" xmlns:android = " http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android " android:startoffset = "2000" android:toydelta = "0" android:fromydelta = "0" android:toxdelta = "-300" android:fromxdelta = "0" >
6 </ translate >
7 </ set >

3、MainActivity.java的内容如下：

01 package android.basic.lesson24;
02
03 import android.app.Activity;
04 import android.os.Bundle;
05 import android.view.View;
06 import android.view.View.OnClickListener;
07 import android.view.animation.Animation;
08 import android.view.animation.AnimationUtils;
09 import android.widget.ImageButton;
10
11 public class MainAnimation extends Activity {
12 /** Called when the activity is first created. */
13 @Override
14 public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
15 super .onCreate(savedInstanceState);
16 setContentView(R.layout.main);
17
18 //定义UI组件
19 final ImageButton ib1 = (ImageButton) findViewById(R.id.ImageButton01);
20 final ImageButton ib2 = (ImageButton) findViewById(R.id.ImageButton02);
21 final ImageButton ib3 = (ImageButton) findViewById(R.id.ImageButton03);
22 final ImageButton ib4 = (ImageButton) findViewById(R.id.ImageButton04);
23 final ImageButton ib5 = (ImageButton) findViewById(R.id.ImageButton05);
24
25 //定义监听器
26 OnClickListener ocl = new OnClickListener() {
27
28 @Override
29 public void onClick(View v) {
30 switch (v.getId()) {
31 case R.id.ImageButton01:
32 //创建Animation对象
33 Animation ani1 = AnimationUtils.loadAnimation(
34 getApplicationContext(), R.anim.alpha_animation);
35 //组件播放动画
36 ib1.startAnimation(ani1);
37 break ;
38 case R.id.ImageButton02:
39 Animation ani2 = AnimationUtils.loadAnimation(
40 getApplicationContext(), R.anim.scale_animation);
41 ib2.startAnimation(ani2);
42 break ;
43 case R.id.ImageButton03:
44 Animation ani3 = AnimationUtils.loadAnimation(
45 getApplicationContext(), R.anim.translate_animation);
46 ib3.startAnimation(ani3);
47 break ;
48 case R.id.ImageButton04:
49 Animation ani4 = AnimationUtils.loadAnimation(
50 getApplicationContext(), R.anim.rotate_animation);
51 ib4.startAnimation(ani4);
52 break ;
53 case R.id.ImageButton05:
54 Animation ani5 = AnimationUtils.loadAnimation(
55 getApplicationContext(), R.anim.composite_animation);
56 ib5.startAnimation(ani5);
57 break ;
58 }
59
60 }
61
62 };
63
64 //绑定监听器
65 ib1.setOnClickListener(ocl);
66 ib2.setOnClickListener(ocl);
67 ib3.setOnClickListener(ocl);
68 ib4.setOnClickListener(ocl);
69 ib5.setOnClickListener(ocl);
70 }
71 }

4、运行程序，查看结果

原始图

点击第一个按钮的透明度变化效果

点击第二个按钮的缩放效果，这里看到的是两个缩放效果同时作用叠加的效果。也就是说默认情况下效果是同时发生的，而不是先后执行的，除非你使用 startoffset属性指定。同学们看这一讲最重要的还是自己练习来体会。


点击第三个按钮的位移效果，这个例子里我们可以清楚看到android:startOffset="2000"的作用，数独按钮前2秒向右移了300像素，后2秒又回到原处，注意第二个translate中的负值参数，它清晰的告诉我们位移数据是相对自身当时位置的。


点击第四个按钮的旋转效果，负的度数表示逆时针旋转。


点击第五个按钮的复合动画效果，这个效果的代码我是直接粘贴的官方帮助文档里的代码，看着效果还不赖^_^

二、逐帧动画

我们知道，Android是不支持Gif动画的，也不建议使用Gif动画，比较不幸的是到Android 2.2版本为止也不支持APNG这种png动画格式，所以我们制作只能用多张png图片逐帧播放的方式来实现动画效果。下面我们用一个例子来学习一下逐帧动画。

1、新建一个项目 Lesson24_FrameAnimation , 主Acitivy名字叫 MainFrameAnimation.java

2、拷贝下列图片到 res/drawable目录下

2、在res/anim目录下，新建一个文件 firefox_animation.xml 内容如下：

01 <? xml version = "1.0" encoding = "utf-8" ?>
02 < animation -list = "" xmlns:android = " http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android " android:oneshot = "false" >
03 < item android:duration = "50" android:drawable = "@drawable/firefox_animation_0" >
04 < item android:duration = "50" android:drawable = "@drawable/firefox_animation_1" >
05 < item android:duration = "50" android:drawable = "@drawable/firefox_animation_2" >
06 < item android:duration = "50" android:drawable = "@drawable/firefox_animation_3" >
07 < item android:duration = "50" android:drawable = "@drawable/firefox_animation_4" >
08 < item android:duration = "50" android:drawable = "@drawable/firefox_animation_5" >
09 < item android:duration = "50" android:drawable = "@drawable/firefox_animation_6" >
10 < item android:duration = "50" android:drawable = "@drawable/firefox_animation_7" >
11 < item android:duration = "50" android:drawable = "@drawable/firefox_animation_8" >
12 < item android:duration = "50" android:drawable = "@drawable/firefox_animation_9" >
13 < item android:duration = "50" android:drawable = "@drawable/firefox_animation_10" >
14 < item android:duration = "50" android:drawable = "@drawable/firefox_animation_11" >
15 < item android:duration = "50" android:drawable = "@drawable/firefox_animation_12" >
16 < item android:duration = "50" android:drawable = "@drawable/firefox_animation_13" >
17 < item android:duration = "50" android:drawable = "@drawable/firefox_animation_14" >
18 < item android:duration = "50" android:drawable = "@drawable/firefox_animation_15" >
19 < item android:duration = "50" android:drawable = "@drawable/firefox_animation_16" >
20 < item android:duration = "50" android:drawable = "@drawable/firefox_animation_17" >
21 < item android:duration = "50" android:drawable = "@drawable/firefox_animation_18" >
22 < item android:duration = "50" android:drawable = "@drawable/firefox_animation_19" >
23 < item android:duration = "50" android:drawable = "@drawable/firefox_animation_20" >
24 < item android:duration = "50" android:drawable = "@drawable/firefox_animation_21" >
25 < item android:duration = "50" android:drawable = "@drawable/firefox_animation_22" >
26 < item android:duration = "50" android:drawable = "@drawable/firefox_animation_23" >
27 < item android:duration = "50" android:drawable = "@drawable/firefox_animation_24" >
28 </ item ></ item ></ item ></ item ></ item ></ item ></ item ></ item ></ item ></ item ></ item ></ item ></ item ></ item ></ item ></ item ></ item ></ item ></ item ></ item ></ item ></ item ></ item ></ item ></ item ></ animation >

3、在res/layout/main.xml中写入如下内容：

01 <? xml version = "1.0" encoding = "utf-8" ?>
02 < linearlayout xmlns:android = " http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android " android:orientation = "vertical" android:layout_width = "fill_parent" android:layout_height = "fill_parent" >
03
04 < textview android:layout_width = "fill_parent" android:layout_height = "wrap_content" android:textsize = "20sp" android:text = "Android逐帧动画示例" >
05
06 < imageview android:layout_width = "wrap_content" android:layout_height = "wrap_content" android:layout_margin = "10dp" android:id = "@+id/ImageView01" android:background = "@anim/firefox_animation" >
07 </ imageview >
08
09 < button android:layout_width = "wrap_content" android:layout_height = "wrap_content" android:textsize = "20sp" android:text = "开始动画" android:id = "@+id/Button01" >
10 </ button >
11 < button android:layout_width = "wrap_content" android:layout_height = "wrap_content" android:textsize = "20sp" android:text = "停止动画" android:id = "@+id/Button02" >
12 </ button >
13 </ textview ></ linearlayout >

3、在MainFrameAnimation.javaz中的内容如下：

01 package android.basic.lesson24;
02
03 import android.app.Activity;
04 import android.graphics.drawable.AnimationDrawable;
05 import android.os.Bundle;
06 import android.view.View;
07 import android.view.View.OnClickListener;
08 import android.widget.Button;
09 import android.widget.ImageView;
10
11 public class MainFrameAnimaton extends Activity {
12 /** Called when the activity is first created. */
13 @Override
14 public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
15 super .onCreate(savedInstanceState);
16 setContentView(R.layout.main);
17
18 // 定义UI组件
19 Button b1 = (Button) findViewById(R.id.Button01);
20 Button b2 = (Button) findViewById(R.id.Button02);
21 final ImageView iv = (ImageView) findViewById(R.id.ImageView01);
22
23 // 定义点击监听器
24 OnClickListener ocl = new OnClickListener() {
25
26 @Override
27 public void onClick(View v) {
28
29 // 定义"动画可画"对象，我起的名字，你看着不顺眼就当不存在^_^
30 AnimationDrawable ad = (AnimationDrawable) iv.getBackground();
31
32 switch (v.getId()) {
33 case R.id.Button01:
34 //调用动画可画对象的开始播放方法
35 ad.start();
36 break ;
37 case R.id.Button02:
38 //调用动画可画对象的停止播放方法
39 ad.stop();
40 break ;
41 }
42 }
43 };
44
45 //绑定监听器
46 b1.setOnClickListener(ocl);
47 b2.setOnClickListener(ocl);
48 }
49 }

4、运行程序，查看效果：

换个背景再来一张，可以看到png动画的透明就是不一般^_^

顺便提一下，我的这些可爱的小狐狸图标，是在APNG这个项目中找到的，感兴趣的朋友去搜搜APNG吧。

本讲就到这里吧。

图片直接链接的，显示不了的话，去源地址看吧。

转载自: http://android.yaohuiji.com/archives/tag/animationutils

【Android】Android动画入门Animation 、AnimationUtils


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