Amoeba(变形虫)项目是一个开源框架,于2008年开始发布一款 Amoeba for Mysql软件;
这个软件致力于MySQL的分布式数据库前端代理层,它主要在应用层访问MySQL的时候充当SQL路由功能,专注于分布式数据库代理层(Database Proxy)开发;位于 Client、DB Server(s)之间,对客户端透明;
===================================================================
1 简介
2 准备
2.1 时间同步
2.2 配置MySQL主从复制架构
3 ameoba安装配置
3.1 安装配置JDK
3.2 安装ameoba
3.3 配置ameoba
3.4 使用验证
3.5 后期扩展
4 问题记录
===================================================================
1 简介
Amoeba(变形虫)项目是一个开源框架,于2008年开始发布一款 Amoeba for Mysql软件;
这个软件致力于MySQL的分布式数据库前端代理层,它主要在应用层访问MySQL的时候充当SQL路由功能,专注于分布式数据库代理层(Database Proxy)开发;位于 Client、DB Server(s)之间,对客户端透明;
具有负载均衡、高可用性、SQL 过滤、读写分离、可路由相关的请求到目标数据库、可并发请求多台数据库并合并结果;
通过Amoeba你能够完成多数据源的高可用、负载均衡、数据切片的功能,目前Amoeba已在很多企业的生产线上面使用;
2 准备
2.1 时间同步
# crontab -
e
# Dscrip: Time Sync
# CTime:
2014.03
.
23
*/
5
* * * * /usr/sbin/ntpdate
172.16
.
0.1
&>/dev/
null
2.2 配置MySQL主从复制架构
详见博文" MariaDB 主从复制 "
3 ameoba安装配置
3.1 安装配置JDK
chmod
+x jdk-6u31-linux-x64-
rpm.bin
vi
/etc/profile.d/java.
sh
# 采用bin文件安装jdk
export JAVA_HOME
=/usr/java/
latest
export PATH
=$JAVA_HOME/bin:$PATH
3.2 安装ameoba
mkdir
/usr/local/
amoeba
tar
xf amoeba-mysql-binary-
2.2
.
0
.
tar
.gz -C /usr/local/
amoeba # 使用二进制程序文件安装amoeba
cd
/usr/local/
amoeba
bin
/
amoeba start # 前台运行
nohup
/usr/local/amoeba/bin/amoeba start &
# 后台运行
mysql
-h127.
0.0
.
1
-uroot -p -P8066 # amoeba默认监听端口为8066
3.3 配置ameoba
cd /usr/local/amoeba/
conf
vi
ameoba.xml # 前端定义配置文件
# 修改ameoba前端监听端口
<service name=
"
Amoeba for Mysql
"
class=
"
com.meidusa.amoeba.net.ServerableConnectionManager
"
>
<property name=
"
port
"
>
3306
</property>
# 默认端口是8066,修改为3306,便于实现前端程序连接数据库的透明性
# 修改连接amoeba接口的认证信息
<property name=
"
authenticator
"
>
<bean class=
"
com.meidusa.amoeba.mysql.server.MysqlClientAuthenticator
"
>
<property name=
"
user
"
>root</property>
<property name=
"
password
"
>mypass</property>
# 添加登录密码
# 查询路由设置
<queryRouter class=
"
com.meidusa.amoeba.mysql.parser.MysqlQueryRouter
"
>
<property name=
"
ruleLoader
"
>
<bean class=
"
com.meidusa.amoeba.route.TableRuleFileLoader
"
>
<property name=
"
ruleFile
"
>${amoeba.home}/conf/rule.xml</property>
<property name=
"
functionFile
"
>${amoeba.home}/conf/ruleFunctionMap.xml</property>
</bean>
</property>
<property name=
"
sqlFunctionFile
"
>${amoeba.home}/conf/functionMap.xml</property>
<property name=
"
LRUMapSize
"
>
1500
</property>
<property name=
"
defaultPool
"
>master</property>
# 设定默认节点
<property name=
"
writePool
"
>master</property>
# 设定可写节点,节点定义见dbServers.xml文件
<property name=
"
readPool
"
>readservers</property>
# 设定只读池,可配置多个slave节点
<property name=
"
needParse
"
>
true
</property>
</queryRouter>
vi
dbServers.xml # 后端节点配置文件
# 定义抽象服务器,为每个后端MySQL服务器提供默认连接配置
<dbServer name=
"
abstractServer
"
abstractive=
"
true
"
>
<factoryConfig class=
"
com.meidusa.amoeba.mysql.net.MysqlServerConnectionFactory
"
>
<property name=
"
manager
"
>${defaultManager}</property>
<property name=
"
sendBufferSize
"
>
64
</property>
<property name=
"
receiveBufferSize
"
>
128
</property>
<property name=
"
port
"
>
3406
</property>
<property name=
"
schema
"
>test</property>
<property name=
"
user
"
>root</property>
<property name="password">
magedu
</property>
</factoryConfig>
# 定义后端MySQL的IP地址,一个master,一个slave
<dbServer name=
"
master
"
parent=
"
abstractServer
"
>
<factoryConfig>
<property name=
"
ipAddress
"
>
192.168
.
0.45
</property>
</factoryConfig>
</dbServer>
<dbServer name=
"
slave
"
parent=
"
abstractServer
"
>
<factoryConfig>
<property name=
"
ipAddress
"
>
192.168
.
0.46
</property>
</factoryConfig>
</dbServer>
# 定义虚拟服务器组,即只读池readservers
<dbServer name=
"
readservers
"
virtual=
"
true
"
>
<poolConfig class=
"
com.meidusa.amoeba.server.MultipleServerPool
"
>
<property name=
"
loadbalance
"
>
1
</property>
<property name=
"
poolNames
"
>master,slave</property>
</poolConfig>
</dbServer>
3.4 使用验证
在主库上授权:
MariaDB [(none)]> grant all on *.* to
'
root
'
@
'
172.16.%.%
'
identified by
'
magedu
'
;
Query OK,
0
rows affected (
0.00
sec)
MariaDB [(none)]
> grant all on *.* to
'
root
'
@
'
%mysql.com
'
identified by
'
magedu
'
; # 这里的密码应该与dbServer.xml中的数据库密码一致
Query OK,
0
rows affected (
0.00
sec)
MariaDB [(none)]
>
flush privileges;
Query OK,
0
rows affected (
0.00
sec)
# 登录验证
[root@mysql conf]# mysql
-h127.
0.0
.
1
-uroot -p -
P3306
Enter password:
Welcome to the MariaDB monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection
id
is
2097086015
Server version:
5.1
.
45
-mysql-amoeba-proxy-
2.2
.
0
Source distribution
Copyright (c)
2000
,
2014
, Oracle, SkySQL Ab and others.
Type
'
help;
'
or
'
\h
'
for
help. Type
'
\c
'
to
clear
the current input statement.
MySQL [(none)]
>
show master status;
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
| File | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
| mysql-bin.
000030
|
326
| | |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
1
row
in
set (
0.00
sec)
MySQL [(none)]
>
# 读写验证
[root@mysql conf]# mysql
-h127.
0.0
.
1
-uroot -p -
P3306
Enter password:
Welcome to the MariaDB monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection
id
is
2097086015
Server version:
5.1
.
45
-mysql-amoeba-proxy-
2.2
.
0
Source distribution
Copyright (c)
2000
,
2014
, Oracle, SkySQL Ab and others.
Type
'
help;
'
or
'
\h
'
for
help. Type
'
\c
'
to
clear
the current input statement.
MySQL [(none)]
>
create database amoeba_test;
Query OK,
1
row affected (
0.04
sec)
MySQL [(none)]
>
[root@mysql bin]# mysql
-h127.
0.0
.
1
-uroot -p -
P3406
Enter password:
Welcome to the MariaDB monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MariaDB connection
id
is
33
Server version:
10.0
.
10
-MariaDB-
log Source distribution
Copyright (c)
2000
,
2014
, Oracle, SkySQL Ab and others.
Type
'
help;
'
or
'
\h
'
for
help. Type
'
\c
'
to
clear
the current input statement.
MariaDB [(none)]
>
show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| amoeba_test |
| information_schema |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
| test |
+--------------------+
9
rows
in
set (
0.01
sec)
MariaDB [(none)]
>
# 从amoeba接口登录创建数据库amoeba_test后,再从主库的接口中去查询数据库已创建,说明写入确实是落在了主库节点上;
# 若要验证ameoba对于读操作的调度,则需要暂时停止从库的复制操作,然后在主库上更新数据,这样从ameoba读取数据将出现不一致的情况;
3.5 后期扩展
利用MMM双主复制架构+Amoeba代理,可以实现对MySQL的高可用性和高性能;
关于MMM的内容参加博文" MySQL Scale Out "
4 问题记录
现象 :使用mysql -uroot -p -P8066命令始终无法连接进入ameoba的配置接口,一直都是进入mysql数据库的配置接口
原因 :在测试环境下,ameoba和mysql的主库都部署在同一台主机上,当启动ameoba服务后,即使指定-P8066连接,mysql客户端还是默认采用可被识别的socket文件(/tmp/mysql.sock)连接,同样指定-hlocalhost也是一样的;
当使用mysql命令连接mysqld时:
-
连接主机为localhost或不指定时,mysql会采用Unix Socket的连接方式;
-
连接主机为127.0.0.1时,mysql会采用TCP的方式连接;
解决方法 :指定-h127.0.0.1连接即可,即mysql -h127.0.0.1 -uroot -p -P8066

