Amoeba(变形虫)项目是一个开源框架,于2008年开始发布一款 Amoeba for Mysql软件;
这个软件致力于MySQL的分布式数据库前端代理层,它主要在应用层访问MySQL的时候充当SQL路由功能,专注于分布式数据库代理层(Database Proxy)开发;位于 Client、DB Server(s)之间,对客户端透明;
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1 简介
2 准备
2.1 时间同步
2.2 配置MySQL主从复制架构
3 ameoba安装配置
3.1 安装配置JDK
3.2 安装ameoba
3.3 配置ameoba
3.4 使用验证
3.5 后期扩展
4 问题记录
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1 简介
Amoeba(变形虫)项目是一个开源框架,于2008年开始发布一款 Amoeba for Mysql软件;
这个软件致力于MySQL的分布式数据库前端代理层,它主要在应用层访问MySQL的时候充当SQL路由功能,专注于分布式数据库代理层(Database Proxy)开发;位于 Client、DB Server(s)之间,对客户端透明;
具有负载均衡、高可用性、SQL 过滤、读写分离、可路由相关的请求到目标数据库、可并发请求多台数据库并合并结果;
通过Amoeba你能够完成多数据源的高可用、负载均衡、数据切片的功能,目前Amoeba已在很多企业的生产线上面使用;
2 准备
2.1 时间同步
# crontab - e # Dscrip: Time Sync # CTime: 2014.03 . 23 */ 5 * * * * /usr/sbin/ntpdate 172.16 . 0.1 &>/dev/ null
2.2 配置MySQL主从复制架构
详见博文" MariaDB 主从复制 "
3 ameoba安装配置
3.1 安装配置JDK
chmod +x jdk-6u31-linux-x64- rpm.bin vi /etc/profile.d/java. sh # 采用bin文件安装jdk export JAVA_HOME =/usr/java/ latest export PATH =$JAVA_HOME/bin:$PATH
3.2 安装ameoba
mkdir /usr/local/ amoeba tar xf amoeba-mysql-binary- 2.2 . 0 . tar .gz -C /usr/local/ amoeba # 使用二进制程序文件安装amoeba cd /usr/local/ amoeba bin / amoeba start # 前台运行 nohup /usr/local/amoeba/bin/amoeba start & # 后台运行 mysql -h127. 0.0 . 1 -uroot -p -P8066 # amoeba默认监听端口为8066
3.3 配置ameoba
cd /usr/local/amoeba/ conf vi ameoba.xml # 前端定义配置文件 # 修改ameoba前端监听端口 <service name= " Amoeba for Mysql " class= " com.meidusa.amoeba.net.ServerableConnectionManager " > <property name= " port " > 3306 </property> # 默认端口是8066,修改为3306,便于实现前端程序连接数据库的透明性 # 修改连接amoeba接口的认证信息 <property name= " authenticator " > <bean class= " com.meidusa.amoeba.mysql.server.MysqlClientAuthenticator " > <property name= " user " >root</property> <property name= " password " >mypass</property> # 添加登录密码 # 查询路由设置 <queryRouter class= " com.meidusa.amoeba.mysql.parser.MysqlQueryRouter " > <property name= " ruleLoader " > <bean class= " com.meidusa.amoeba.route.TableRuleFileLoader " > <property name= " ruleFile " >${amoeba.home}/conf/rule.xml</property> <property name= " functionFile " >${amoeba.home}/conf/ruleFunctionMap.xml</property> </bean> </property> <property name= " sqlFunctionFile " >${amoeba.home}/conf/functionMap.xml</property> <property name= " LRUMapSize " > 1500 </property> <property name= " defaultPool " >master</property> # 设定默认节点 <property name= " writePool " >master</property> # 设定可写节点,节点定义见dbServers.xml文件 <property name= " readPool " >readservers</property> # 设定只读池,可配置多个slave节点 <property name= " needParse " > true </property> </queryRouter> vi dbServers.xml # 后端节点配置文件 # 定义抽象服务器,为每个后端MySQL服务器提供默认连接配置 <dbServer name= " abstractServer " abstractive= " true " > <factoryConfig class= " com.meidusa.amoeba.mysql.net.MysqlServerConnectionFactory " > <property name= " manager " >${defaultManager}</property> <property name= " sendBufferSize " > 64 </property> <property name= " receiveBufferSize " > 128 </property> <property name= " port " > 3406 </property> <property name= " schema " >test</property> <property name= " user " >root</property> <property name="password"> magedu </property> </factoryConfig> # 定义后端MySQL的IP地址,一个master,一个slave <dbServer name= " master " parent= " abstractServer " > <factoryConfig> <property name= " ipAddress " > 192.168 . 0.45 </property> </factoryConfig> </dbServer> <dbServer name= " slave " parent= " abstractServer " > <factoryConfig> <property name= " ipAddress " > 192.168 . 0.46 </property> </factoryConfig> </dbServer> # 定义虚拟服务器组,即只读池readservers <dbServer name= " readservers " virtual= " true " > <poolConfig class= " com.meidusa.amoeba.server.MultipleServerPool " > <property name= " loadbalance " > 1 </property> <property name= " poolNames " >master,slave</property> </poolConfig> </dbServer>
3.4 使用验证
在主库上授权:
MariaDB [(none)]> grant all on *.* to ' root ' @ ' 172.16.%.% ' identified by ' magedu ' ; Query OK, 0 rows affected ( 0.00 sec) MariaDB [(none)] > grant all on *.* to ' root ' @ ' %mysql.com ' identified by ' magedu ' ; # 这里的密码应该与dbServer.xml中的数据库密码一致 Query OK, 0 rows affected ( 0.00 sec) MariaDB [(none)] > flush privileges; Query OK, 0 rows affected ( 0.00 sec)
# 登录验证 [root@mysql conf]# mysql -h127. 0.0 . 1 -uroot -p - P3306 Enter password: Welcome to the MariaDB monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. Your MySQL connection id is 2097086015 Server version: 5.1 . 45 -mysql-amoeba-proxy- 2.2 . 0 Source distribution Copyright (c) 2000 , 2014 , Oracle, SkySQL Ab and others. Type ' help; ' or ' \h ' for help. Type ' \c ' to clear the current input statement. MySQL [(none)] > show master status; +------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+ | File | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB | +------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+ | mysql-bin. 000030 | 326 | | | +------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+ 1 row in set ( 0.00 sec) MySQL [(none)] > # 读写验证 [root@mysql conf]# mysql -h127. 0.0 . 1 -uroot -p - P3306 Enter password: Welcome to the MariaDB monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. Your MySQL connection id is 2097086015 Server version: 5.1 . 45 -mysql-amoeba-proxy- 2.2 . 0 Source distribution Copyright (c) 2000 , 2014 , Oracle, SkySQL Ab and others. Type ' help; ' or ' \h ' for help. Type ' \c ' to clear the current input statement. MySQL [(none)] > create database amoeba_test; Query OK, 1 row affected ( 0.04 sec) MySQL [(none)] > [root@mysql bin]# mysql -h127. 0.0 . 1 -uroot -p - P3406 Enter password: Welcome to the MariaDB monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. Your MariaDB connection id is 33 Server version: 10.0 . 10 -MariaDB- log Source distribution Copyright (c) 2000 , 2014 , Oracle, SkySQL Ab and others. Type ' help; ' or ' \h ' for help. Type ' \c ' to clear the current input statement. MariaDB [(none)] > show databases; +--------------------+ | Database | +--------------------+ | amoeba_test | | information_schema | | mysql | | performance_schema | | test | +--------------------+ 9 rows in set ( 0.01 sec) MariaDB [(none)] > # 从amoeba接口登录创建数据库amoeba_test后,再从主库的接口中去查询数据库已创建,说明写入确实是落在了主库节点上; # 若要验证ameoba对于读操作的调度,则需要暂时停止从库的复制操作,然后在主库上更新数据,这样从ameoba读取数据将出现不一致的情况;
3.5 后期扩展
利用MMM双主复制架构+Amoeba代理,可以实现对MySQL的高可用性和高性能;
关于MMM的内容参加博文" MySQL Scale Out "
4 问题记录
现象 :使用mysql -uroot -p -P8066命令始终无法连接进入ameoba的配置接口,一直都是进入mysql数据库的配置接口
原因 :在测试环境下,ameoba和mysql的主库都部署在同一台主机上,当启动ameoba服务后,即使指定-P8066连接,mysql客户端还是默认采用可被识别的socket文件(/tmp/mysql.sock)连接,同样指定-hlocalhost也是一样的;
当使用mysql命令连接mysqld时:
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连接主机为localhost或不指定时,mysql会采用Unix Socket的连接方式;
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连接主机为127.0.0.1时,mysql会采用TCP的方式连接;
解决方法 :指定-h127.0.0.1连接即可,即mysql -h127.0.0.1 -uroot -p -P8066